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A series of massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars were committed by the Serbian and Montenegrin Army and paramilitaries, according to international reports.〔 During the First Balkan War of 1912-13, Serbia and Montenegro - after expelling the Ottoman forces in present-day Albania and Kosovo - committed numerous war crimes against the Albanian population, which were reported by the European, American and Serbian opposition press.〔(Leo Freundlich: Albania's Golgotha )〕 In order to investigate the crimes, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace formed a special commission, which was sent to the Balkans in 1913. Summing the situation in Albanian areas, Commission concludes: The goal of the forced expulsions and massacres of ethnic Albanians was a statistic manipulation before the London Ambassadors Conference which was to decide on the new Balkan borders.〔〔(Otpor okupaciji i modernizaciji )〕〔 The number of victims in the Vilayet of Kosovo under Serbian control in the first few months was estimated at about 25,000 people.〔〔(Justice, Intervention and Force in International Relations, by Kimberly A. Hudson )〕〔(Archbishop Lazër Mjeda: Report on the Serb Invasion of Kosova and Macedonia )〕 Highest estimated number of total casualties during the occupation in all the Albanian areas under Serbian control was about 120,000 Albanians of both sexes and all ages.〔(Kosta Novaković, Srbizacija i kolonizacija Kosova )〕 Even one Serb Social Democrat who had served in the army previously commented on the disgust he had for the crimes his own people had committed against the Albanians, describing in great detail heaps of dead, headless Albanians in the centers of a string of burnt towns near Kumanovo and Skopje: ==Background== Prior to the outbreak of the First Balkan War, the Albanian nation was fighting for a national state. At the end of 1912, the Porte recognised the autonomy of Albanian vilayet. The Balkan League (comprising:Serbia, Montenegro, Greece and Bulgaria) jointly attacked the Ottoman Empire and during the next few months partitioned all Ottoman territory inhabited by Albanians.〔(Report of the International Commission to Inquire into the Causes and Conduct of the Balkan War (1914) )〕 The Kingdom of Serbia and the Kingdom of Greece occupied most of the land of what is today Albania and other lands inhabited by Albanians on the Adriatic coast. Montenegro occupied a part of today's northern Albania around Shkodër. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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